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Acidified Foods Series: Preserving Acidified Foods Using the Hot-Fill-Hold Process (C 1328-03) When processing acidified foods, the hot-fill-hold process involves heating the product to around 180–200 °F, then filling, inverting, and holding for 2–5 minutes to achieve commercial sterility. Higher temperatures will generally correlate with shorter hold times, and lower temperatures will generally correlate with longer hold times.

Acidified Foods Series: Producing Shelf-Stable Acidified Foods Using Hot-Fill-Hold (C 1328-02) Using Hot-Fill-Hold: A Thermal Preservation Process. Processors of acidified foods are required to comply with federal, state, and local regulations (when applicable) for thermal processing to ensure the safety and shelf-stability of their products. The hot-fill-hold (HFH) process is a thermal processing technique used to inactivate pathogens and extend the shelf life of acidified products. Heatin…

Acidified Foods Series: What is an Acidified Food, and How Can I Formulate One? (C 1328-01) An acidified food is a low-acid food to which acids (such as vinegar, lemon juice, citric acid, etc.) or acid foods (such as fruits or tomatoes) have been added to bring the equilibrium pH of the food to 4.6 or less, with equilibrium water activity greater than 0.85.

Basics of Sausage Making: Formulation, Processing and Safety (B 1437) This bulletin is written to provide some of the basic information required to make various types of sausage. It is for those who enjoy good homemade sausage and who wish to obtain the greatest satisfaction from the trimmings and variety meats generated from farm slaughtered livestock or the results of a good hunt. The recipes listed in this publication collected from various sources and have been…

Best Practices ATP and Protein Swabbing in Produce Packinghouses (C 1196) Many third-party audits, buyers, and standard operating procedures for produce packinghouses or other food facilities require regular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or protein swabs to verify the effectiveness of the cleaning and sanitation protocols. This video demonstrates how to collect ATP and protein swabs, how to interpret swab results, and provides advice to help determine an acceptable basel…

Best Practices for Growing, Harvesting, and Handling Produce in the Field and the Packinghouse (B 1515) Under the Food Safety Modernization Act's Produce Safety Rule, produce operations are mandated to provide training to their workers on the safe handling of produce in fields and in packing operations. Currently, there are few, if any, materials available for these operations to use. As we have conducted Produce Safety Alliance Grower Training across Georgia and throughout other areas, we have been…

Biomapping: An Effective Tool for Pathogen Control During Poultry Processing (C 1200) U.S. poultry processors must meet regulatory requirements for Salmonella and Camplylobacter prevalence in all of the poultry products that they produce. Monitoring the efficacy of antimicrobial interventions (biomapping) during processing assists in meeting performance standards and improving microbiological quality of the products through better process control.

Country Cured Ham (B 1526) Country cured hams are considered a delicacy and are widely accepted by Georgians. Our forefathers cured country hams during the winter months in order to have a summer supply of meat. Country hams, properly cured, develop a distinct flavor during aging. Modern methods of curing and aging country hams are somewhat different from the methods used 50 to 100 years ago. The loss of meat due to spoilag…

Developing a Food Safety Plan for Acid / Acidified Foods (B 1541) This bulletin provides the scientific basis and food-safety framework for developing a food safety plan for acid/acidified foods. This includes practical food-safety examples for the acidified foods, including foundational support of a recordkeeping system and forms. Learning how to develop a process-flow diagram, developing recordkeeping forms, and applying food-safety principles during acid/acid…

Developing a Recall Plan: A Guide for Small Food Processing Facilities (B 1509) The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) defines a recall as actions taken by a firm to remove a product from the market. A well-designed recall plan will help to effectively locate the recalled product, remove it from the market, and locate the source of error in the product. It serves a guide for the company to follow if a situation requiring a recall presents itself. Recalls can be conducted on a…

Food Preservation Series: Conservación de Alimentos: Uso de Envasadoras a Presión (C 1344-02-SP) La mayoría de las envasadoras a presión modernas son ollas ligeras de paredes delgadas; la mayoría tienen tapas de rosca con juntas. Cuentan con rejillas extraíbles, un cierre automático de ventilación/tapa, un tubo de ventilación y un fusible de seguridad. Utilice únicamente envasadoras con la marca de aprobación de Underwriter's Laboratory (UL) para garantizar su seguridad. Esta publicación expl…

Food Preservation Series: Conservación de Alimentos: Uso de Envasadoras de Agua Hirviendo (C 1344-01-SP) Una envasadora de agua hirviendo es una olla grande para cocinar con tapa y una rejilla en el interior. La mayoría de las envasadoras de agua hirviendo están hechas de aluminio, acero esmaltado o porcelanizado, o acero recubierto de porcelana, o acero inoxidable. Esta publicación cubre los pasos para la preservación exitosa de los alimentos usando enlatadoras de agua hirviendo.

Food Preservation Series: Using Boiling Water Canners (C 1344-01) A water bath (boiling water) canner is a large cooking pot with a lid and a rack inside. Most boiling water canners are made of aluminum, enamel-coated or porcelain-covered steel, or stainless steel. This publication covers steps to successful food preservation using boiling water canners.

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